Lever and pawl feed sliding jaw wrench



Dec. 27, 1949 H- M- BAYLER LEVER AND PAWL FEED SLIDING JAW WRENCH Filed Jan. 15, 1945 INVENTORQ M. Ba y/e-r He/en BY Patented Dec. 27, 1949 LEVER AND PAWL FEED SLIDING 1 AW WRENCH Helen M. Baylor, Les Angeles, Calif. Application January 15, 1945', Serial No. 572,804

This invention relates to a new and novel wrench which is arranged and designed to quickly and firmly grip the thing to be held or turned, and which is easily and quickly released upon a sim= ple manipulation of a portion of the wrench. The wrench is useful for gripping and engaging round surfaces as well as fiat surfaces, and the elements thereof are sized and coupled in a manner to make a relatively thin head portion for engaging tubes and odd shaped nuts and bolts in narrow places which are not generally accessible to ordinary wrenches. The various parts of the wrench are arranged so that a quick contact, automaticelike, adjustment can be made upon its first employment w1th the thing to be held or turned, and then, wherein the next step or movement of the workers hand in the natural use of the wrench automatically forces certain elements thereof into a wedge-like action so as to cause the jaws of the wrench to firmly and to positively supergrip the thing to be held or turned.

The principles involved in the wrench of this invention include a pivoted jaw and a ratchet controlled slideable jaw, both being positioned for gripping the work piece when forced toward each other in an obvious sch-indicating manner, the slideable jaw being easy to shift snugli, onto t e rk pie e und r a latched condition or ratchet action, so that when the workman squeezes the handles Of the wrench, the jaws are brought into a supergrip thereon and cannot be released unless the workman purposely unlocks the jaws of the wrench before attempting to separate the wrench from the thing to which it is attached.

One of the principal objects of this invention is to present a new and novel wrench and the like that has thin jaws which grip the work piece in a latched or locked manner with a super-squeeze,

2 Claims. (01. film-.89)

preamble of these sessions and the ap ended claims.

Applicant is abou o i lustra e a d escribe one of the forms of her invention inv 9rd to teeth 5 one how to make and u e t e emahct it o the elements employed being sturdy and strongly .1

combined or coupled together to provide a simple wrench which is economical to make and manufacture.

Another object is to present a wrench which is of simple and durable construction and which is readily locked or latched to the work piece.

Still another object is to provide a wrench with an adjustable ratchet locking means for one of the jaws at the handle thereof, the means being readily releasable by a simple finger action, all the elements being sturdy and of easy free action so as to avoid any jambing of the parts thereof.

Other objects, advantages and features of my invention will appear from the accompanying drawings, the subjoined detailed description, the 55 be u d s d t at the d awings and descript on thereof are not to limit the invention in any sense whats v r, except. as limited by the ascended claims.

In the drawin s: a

Fig. 1 is a. side elevationoi the to upright position, the same showing the. jaws of the wrench in an open'positipn,

Fig. 2 is an end elevational view tak n at the right side of the wrench shown in. Fi 1;.

Fig. 3 is another end eleva lcnal iew taken at the left side of the wrench shown in Fig, 1,

Fig. 4 is a View similar to that Sh. i b p t y in section an with the o the wrench held snu y a ainst the head oi a be t.

Fig. 5 is a top plan of Fig. 4 with a portion broken away,

Fig. 6 is a cross section taken sub antially along line 6:=-6 of Fig. 4.

The particular wrench shown in the drawings is composed of five principal Darts, all o Whi are supported and have their guided movement. in the part indicated at I, which part is the main support or base handle of the wrench; the other principal parts are: lower jaw part 2, upper jaw part 3, upper jaw looking or latchin part ,5, and lower jaw looking orlatching part 5.

The main handle portion I is configuratedjls shown, having the light but strong U-shaped cross section to provide an elongated chamber or groove 6, the upper end of this handle having the enlarged portion 1 to accommodate the rivets 8 and 9 which provide pivot points for the upper jaw member 3 and the locking element 5.

The upper jaw member 3 has the serrated work engaging portion I ll, the integral depending stem II, and the slightly curved toothed rack l2 at the lower end of the stem. Engaging the teeth of this rack is a toothed dog I3 having an elongated slightly bent stem M, the distal end of which is at or near the lower end of the main handle and which is provided with a knob l5 for the purpose of aiding the user of the wrench to find and employ the stem l4 and use it as a lever. This lever is maintained in the position shown in Fig. 4, when not being used, by the bowed com- ;pression spring I6, this spring being held in place by end bends or extensions as well as by its shape and pressure form, but should this spring tend to slip from place, an end thereof may be spot welded to the lever I4 where the two contact, the other end of the spring being free to slip along the inner side of the handle 6. At the top of the lever, there is a threaded bore into which is threaded a pin I! which passes through an enlarged hole l8 of the handle. A knurled finger knob I 9 is fixed to the outer end of the pin so that the user of the wrench can adjust the dog is and hence vary the grip position of the upper jaw portion l and its pressure engagement with the work piece, such, as for instance, the bolt head indicated at 20. Note that the hole [8 is large enough to allow the stem I! plenty of play, in fact, sufficient play to permit the knob l9 to work along the slight are formed by the teeth in the rack l2 and the dog l3.

The lower jaw part has the serrated portion 2| and the depending offset handle portion 22, one edge of the upper portion having the serrations or teeth 23 and the other opposite edge 24 having a machined flat surface for sliding engagement with a similar surface 25 upon the adjacent edge of the upper jaw stem II. The two surfaces, just mentioned, are kept in abutment by the surface 26 of the locking element or part which acts as a guide means.

The part 5 has a lever portion 21 and a toothed dog head 28, and a ribbon spring 29 which has its top end welded or otherwise firmly fixed to the lever, as shown, and which maintains the toothed dog in constant contact with the serrations of the lower jaw stem.

When the wrench has its jaws open wide and the other parts thereof arranged as shown in Fig. 1, the wrench is positioned for receiving and engaging the thing to be held or turned. For proper operation of the wrench, the next step would be to shove the lower jaw part 2 upwardly until the jaw portion 2| jambs or forces the thing to be held or turned into snug engagement with the upper jaw portion and thus sandwich the thing snugly between the two jaws. Then the operator or mechanic using the wrench would squeeze the two handles l and 2 together and. force the two jaws under super force, at a great mechanical advantage, because of the pivot and lever relationship, into a firm and intimate grip upon the thing to be held or turned, and the parts of the wrench would then take the positions shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings. To still further increase the squeeze pressure upon the thing to be held, or the illustrated bolt head 20, the knob I 9 is turned so as to draw the rack l2 toward the knob and further increase this already great squeeze pressure about the bolt head 20.

To release the wrench jaws from the bolt head, or other work piece, all that it is necessary to do is to press the lever 14 which will cause the dog B to rotate about the point [8 and thus re- '4 lease the super pressure of the jaws upon the bolt head, and then the user would press the lever 21 which will allow the lower jaw 2| to be slid from the bolt head.

Having thus described my invention, what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. In a wrench device and the like having an upper Jaw member and a lower jaw member in opposed relationship, a short shank integral with the upper jaw member and a long shank integral with the lower jaw member, said shanks having abutting parallel faces for mutual sliding action, a supporting handle having an elongated U- shaped chamber therein and means pivoting the short shank thereto and near the end opposite the free end of the lever, a locking lever pivoted to the supporting handle close to the other pivoting means, said locking lever having a rounded guide element and a pawl end, a leaf spring secured to said locking lever and coacting with the long shank to constantly urge the long shank against the short shank, a serrated portion on the lower end of the short shank, lever means pivoted to the supporting handle and positioned within the chamber thereof, teeth on the upper end of the lever means for meshing with the serrated portion of the short shank, spring means in the handle chamber for urging the teeth on the lever means and the last mentioned serrated portion to be in normal meshed relationship, and an adjusting means which passes through the supporting handle and is threaded to the lever means for drawing said lever means to force the jaws into gripping relation.

2. The device recited in claim 1 wherein the supporting handle, where the adjusting means passes therethrough, is provided with an aperture of a relatively large diameter in comparison to the diameter of the adjusting means so that the adjusting means can be moved and rotated within the aperture and can act as a pivot for the lever means, and an operating knob for said adjusting means.

HELEN M. BAYLER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 484,634 Gray Oct. 18, 1892 1,133,530 Bovee Mar. 30, 1915 1,147,340 Petterson July 20, 1915 1,713,038 Ersland May 14, 1929 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 117,586 Germany Feb. 13, 1901 

